Frequently Asked Questions for Room Integrity Testing

Server rooms and data centres that have gaseous fire extinguishing systems are required to be tested on an annual basis; however, not all clients are aware that they need to undertake a room integrity test, let alone what is involved. It’s also worth noting that if your protected enclosure suffers fire damage, it may not be covered by the building’s insurance if you don’t have up-to-date Fire Integrity Certification.

For your fire suppression system to work properly, the room must have sufficient integrity to retain an extinguishing concentration for a specified period after discharge – usually 10 minutes. If the enclosure cannot adequately hold the extinguishment the fire may reignite causing further damage to protected enclosure and critical assets.  

To try and explain what is involved in a room integrity test, we have written the following question and answers article:

Q – Why do I need a room integrity test?

A – The test is a requirement of the British Standard for gaseous fire extinguishing systems – BS EN:ISO 14520. Most fire insurers will require evidence that the test has been conducted and the result is satisfactory.

Q – How quickly can a room integrity test be arranged?

A – We can usually undertake an integrity test within a few days of our client’s enquiry; however, in the case of an emergency we do offer a 24-hour service.

Q – How do I prepare my protected enclosure for the integrity test?

A – We send out an informative checklist with all our quotations, to help clients prepare for the integrity test.

Q – How long does it take to carry out a room Integrity test?

A The room integrity test usually between 1 and 2 hours for a single enclosure.

Q – Will the enclosure integrity test set off alarms?

No, the enclosure test is completely independent of the detection system; however the room should be isolated and the system turned to manual in-line with our room integrity checklist.

Q – Is the room integrity test disruptive?

A – No, it is only necessary to stop access to the room for 10-15 minutes. Personnel – such as IT staff can continue to work in the room. The enclosure test can be paused if immediate access becomes required.

Q – Does equipment such as servers need to be switched off during the room integrity test?

A – No, the servers can carry on running throughout the room integrity test.

Q – Does air conditioning need to be switched off during the enclosure integrity test?

A – Recirculation (chiller) units may continue to run. Air supply/extract ducts passing into the enclosure will need have the fire dampers closed and/or be temporarily sealed throughout the duration of the test.

Q – Will I get a certificate if I pass the room integrity test?

A – Yes, the certificate will be issued within a few days. This should be retained for possible inspection by the authorities/insurers. We will verbally let you know if the enclosure test has passed or failed whilst on site.

Q – What happens if the room fails the room integrity test?

A – A low impact smoke test can be undertaken along with a corresponding report to identify the leakage paths for remedial sealing.  Once the remedial works have been undertaken a retest must be conducted to confirm the adequacy of the retention time along with the corresponding pass certification.

Q – Can remedial sealing be done at the time of the enclosure test if its initially failed?

A – Yes, provided the leakage can be swiftly remedially, or temporarily, sealed.

Q – Does APT undertake remedial sealing?

Yes, we can undertake the remedial sealing if so required, or the client can arrange the works themselves. 

Q – How often should the room integrity test be done?

A – The relevant British Standard (BS EN:ISO 14520) specifies that the test should be conducted within a 12-month period and/or if any works have been undertaken to the enclosure envelope i.e., new service penetrations are made to the walls, floors, or ceilings.

Q – Is there any corresponding standards for room integrity testing.

A – Yes, the following standard apply to room integrity testing: ISO 14520, NFPA 2001 and ISO 15004

Why use us for your room integrity test?

We offer a friendly and cost-effective one stop solution for all your integrity test requirements. Using the very latest blower door technology, we provide thorough retention reports as well as informative assessments concerning highlighting areas of leakage, advice and recommendations. We even offer a remedial sealing service should it be required. 

If you would like more information on our server room integrity testing, please visit us at  info@airpressuretesting.net or visit our Room Integrity Page.

Sound Insulation Testing Terminology
Developers and landlords may need to improve sound insulation over a wide range of houses and flats. This may be due to the fact they have just built a new development that requires sound insulation testing under Part E or as part of a general refurbishment programme, i.e. changing houses into flats.

Often confusion can arise from the large amount of ‘terms’ used in conjunction with acoustic design and sound insulation testing. To help with this we have made a list of the following terms for clarity:

Absorption
This is the conversion of sound energy into heat, often by the use of a porous material.

Absorbent Material
This is a material that absorbs sound energy, such as acoustic mineral wool.

Airborne sound
This is sound which is propagated from a noise source through the medium of air. Examples of these are speech and sound from a television

Airborne Sound Transmission
This is direct transmission of airborne sound through walls or floors. When sound energy is created in a room, for instance by conversation, some of the energy is reflected or absorbed by room surfaces but some may set up vibrations in the walls and floor. Depending on both the amount of energy and the type of construction, this can result in sound being transmitted to adjacent parts of the building.

Air Path
This is a void in construction elements, which adversely affects the performance of sound resisting construction. Examples of air paths include incomplete mortar joints, porous building materials, gaps around pipes and shrinkage cracks – this can also effect the air tightness results.

Bonded resilient cover
This is a thin resilient floor covering normally of minimum 3-5mm thickness, which is bonded to the isolated screed surface to reduce impact sound transmission such as footfall noise, however it has a lesser effect when it comes to airborne noise.

Cavity stop
This is a proprietary product or material such as mineral wool (fibre) used to close the gap in a cavity wall.

Composite Resilient Batten
This is composed of a timber batten with a pre-bonded resilient material to provide isolation between the flooring surface layers and floor base.

Cradle/Saddle
This is an intermediate support system (with a resilient layer base, either pre-bonded or already integral) using levelling packer pieces to support a timber batten, isolating it from the floor base.

Decibel (dB)
This is the unit used for different acoustic quantities to indicate the level with respect to a reference level.

Density (kg/m3)
This is the mass per unit volume, expressed in kilograms per cubic metre (kg/m3). Blockwork is commonly referred to by industry in terms of strength (in Newtons). However, it is the density that has the important role in terms of sound insulation.

Direct transmission refers to the path of either airborne or impact sound through elements of construction.

DnT,w
This is the weighted standardized level difference. A single-number quantity (weighted) which characterises the airborne sound insulation between two rooms, in accordance with BS EN ISO 717-1:1997

Façade Testing
This Standard – ISO 140-5:1998) specifies the testing methods to evaluate the sound insulation in buildings and building elements for facades. Three rounds of a proficiency testing scheme for airborne sound insulation measurements have been performed according to the methods specified in the standard for a whole facade by using an external loudspeaker as the noise source.

Flanking element (flanking wall)
This is any building element that contributes to the airborne sound or impact transmission between rooms in a building which is not the direct separating element (i.e. not the separating wall or separating floor).

Flanking strip or edge strip
This is a resilient strip using foamed polyethylene normally 5 mm thick, which is located at the perimeter of a floor to isolate the floor boards from the walls and skirtings.

Flanking transmission
This is airborne or impact transmission between rooms that is transmitted via flanking elements and/or flanking elements in conjunction with the main separating elements. An example of a flanking element is the inner leaf of an external wall that connects to the separating ‘core’ of a wall or floor.

Flexible closer
This is a flexible cavity stop or cavity barrier which seals the air path in cavities linking adjoining dwellings.

Floating floor treatment (FFT)
This is a timber floating floor system which may use battens, cradles or platform base, all of which use a resilient layer to provide isolation from the base floor and adjacent wall elements.

Gypsum based plasterboard
This is a dry lining board applied to walls, ceilings and within floating floor treatments which has gypsum content. It may also have fibre reinforcement within the board.

Impact sound
This is sound which is propagated from a noise source through a direct medium. An example of this is footfall on a floor.

Impact sound transmission
This is sound which is spread from an impact noise source in direct contact with a building element.

Isolation
This is a strategy to limit the number and type of rigid connections between elements of construction.

L’nT,w
This is the weighted standardized impact sound pressure level. A single-number quantity (weighted) to characterise the impact sound insulation of floors, in accordance with BS EN ISO 717-2: 1997.

Mass
This is a physical quantity that expresses the amount of matter in a body. Walls and floors may be described in terms of the surface density (mass per unit area, kg/m2) of the wall face or the floor surface, which is the sum of the surface densities of each component of the construction. The density of materials is expressed as mass per unit volume, kg/m3, which can be provided via the core structure and linings such as in-situ concrete or solid dense block walls.

Mass per unit area (or surface density)
This is is expressed in terms of kilograms per square metre (kg/m2). This is often used to describe boards, panels, flooring and dry linings (see gypsum based board).

Resilience
This can reduce structural vibration transmission and still maintain material performance and overall dimensions, examples include floating floor treatments such as resilient battens or cradles, or resilient ceiling bars.

Resilient ceiling bars
This acoustic solution is generally metal based and vary in thickness from 11 mm to 30 mm. They are mounted perpendicular to the joist span direction and can increase both airborne and impact sound insulation. Care should be taken to ensure that the ceiling board fixings into the resilient bar do not come into contact with the joists and reduce the potential performance.

Resilient noggin
This is a small section of resilient ceiling bar which is used to assist in bracing non load bearing partitions.

Rw
This is a single-number quantity (weighted) which characterises the airborne sound insulation of a building element from measurements undertaken in a laboratory, in accordance with BS EN ISO 717-1: 1997

Sound Insulation Testing
Sound Insulation Testing is required near the end of a development to show that the performance of the party wall and floor partitions meet the standards as stipulated in Building Regulations Approved Document E. The testing methods for airborne and impact sound insulation is in full accordance with the suggested methods presented in BS EN ISO 140-parts 4 & 7: 1998.

Stiffness
This is can improve low-frequency sound insulation, for example in floors, by reducing the potential for deflection or movement of the primary structure, therefore the correct spacing and depth of joists is important. If you have a project that requires acoustic design and/or sound insulation testing please let us know. APT Sound Testing will ensure you will have direct contact with the allocated acoustician from the start of the process, through to the successful completion of the sound insulation testing. 

If you would like more information in regards to acoustic services, please contact us on 01525 303905 or visit our website at: www.aptsoundtesting.co.uk    

The Secret to Successful Sound Testing
There are many considerations to achieving successful sound testing on your development. The main areas that need to be addressed are the dividing wall and floor construction.  When dealing with walls you normally just need to worry about airborne sound; however, with walls, it’s both airborne and impact sound which can be far more difficult to deal with.

The usual noise problems associated with airborne sound transmission is TV noise, music and speech. This can be dealt with by applying ceiling treatments as well as mass and isolation to the building components. Impact sound (footfall) performance is increased by the used of resilience layers and isolation of components to prevent noise flanking through the partition.

Successful Sound Testing
For airborne sound testing Building Regulation Part E requires you achieve at least 45dB for new build properties and 43dB for conversion developments, this applies both to party walls and floors between properties. This level is the difference between the source level and the receiver level during sound testing. Therefore, if the source level in one flat is 110dB and the receiver level in the neighbouring flat is 55dB, the level difference (or sound reduction performance) is 55dB.

The measurement is corrected for several factors such as background noise, room characteristics and frequency weighting, giving the final sound insulation performance value of the tested partition. In this case the higher the number the better the sound insulation performance. The measurement is done by using a Class 1 Analyser and the associated equipment.

Impact Sound Testing
For impact sound testing Building Regulation Part E requires you achieve at least 62dB for new build properties and 64dB for conversion developments. Impact insulation performance only applies to party floors and related to the effectiveness of the floor construction in absorbing shock such as footfall noise. The measurement is done by using a Norsonic tapping machine (as shown below). The machine has 5 weights which tapping in regular succession on the tested floor which emulates footfall noise. The noise levels are taken in the receiving room below, which are then measured and averaged for different tapper positions, which then gives the sound reduction rating of the floor. In this case the lower the figure, the better the performance.

Good Acoustic Design
To try and ensure you meet the standards stipulated within Building Regulations Part E, careful consideration should be shown to the acoustic design detailing from the stat of the project. offset. Tackling the acoustic design for both new build and conversion project requires two different construction techniques and acoustic design detailing. With new build properties you have a blank canvas in terms of the overall design whereas with conversions you usually need to work with the existing’ onsite’ construction which can be quite difficult.

We offer an acoustic design package, which contains the following elements:

a.            Sample Sound Testing – of the existing construction. This offers an accurate overview of the acoustic performance of the existing partitions which enables us to offer a targeted acoustic design using the sound insulation performance of the existing construction.

b.            Acoustic Design Review – a full design review of the proposed developments party walls and floors.

c.             Site Survey Visits – to let us view the existing site construction. This allows us to check for potential problematic construction such as inclusion of lightweight blocks in the existing construction. It also lets us check that the installation teams are installing the acoustic materials as per manufacturer’s guidelines.

d.            Final Precompletion Sound Testing in compliance with Building Regulations Part E.

Useful Acoustic Design Considerations

a.            Avoid the use of lightweight blocks in the inner envelope construction and/or stairwell construction etc. as sound will travel both vertically and horizontally from dwelling to dwelling.

b.            The use of resilient suspended ceilings will help improve the performance of the floor partition.

c.             Ensure all support steels/timbers are carefully boxed out where they travel from flat to flat vertically and horizontally.

d.            Use a high quality resilient acoustic membrane on top of the floor to improve the impact performance of a floor.

e.            Ensure all penetrations are fully sealed where they terminate through floors and they are adequately boxed with acoustic quilt and two layers of plasterboard.

In our experience the main 5 considerations when designing for separating walls and floors between dwellings are: If used together or in various combinations they will improve sound insulation properties over a wide range of frequencies. The main factors are:

a.            Mass

b.            Isolation

c.             Absorption

d.            Resilience

e.            Stiffness

If used together or in various combinations they will improve sound insulation properties over a wide range of frequencies and should achieve compliance with Building Regulations Part E.

In our experience if the acoustic design is taken into consideration from the offset of the project, then it usually results in compliance with Building Regulations Part E.  In Some cases sound test failure can also be down to the poor workmanship rather than the acoustic design that is why we offer a full‘4 step’ acoustic package.

If you have a project that needs acoustic design advice or sound insulation testing, then please visit the APT Sound Testing website or phone us directly on 07775 623464.

Room Integrity Testing on Server Rooms and Data Centres
Room integrity testing is required for a wide variety of types of rooms using many different types of fire suppression systems, whether it is part of a system installation or annual inspection or intermediate post work testing.  We undertake the integrity test using the latest high powered fan technology to test all types and sizes of enclosure from small server rooms to large data centres.

It is a requirement that a room Integrity Test be carried out at the time of the fire suppression installation. It is also a recommendation that a room Integrity Test is carried out on an annual basis as part of the routine maintenance schedule. This test is designed to ensure that an extinguishing concentration is held for a sufficient time (normally 10 minutes) to prevent re-ignition in the event of a fire.

The main two types of protected enclosures we test are Server Rooms and Data centres; however, we often get asked the question “what’s the difference between a Data Centre and Server Room?”

What is a Server Room?

A server room is ‘as it sounds’ a room that stores the servers. A data centre on the other hand is usually much bigger and is usually a whole facility dedicated to containing a vast amount of computer racks in an ultra-secure environment. The most identifiable difference is the size.

Almost any modern office that use computers will possess a server room, however, larger bodies such as large-scale businesses, universities and retail operations almost always invest in purpose built data centre infrastructure, as they all need to process much larger amounts of data; this has to be done in a secure and controlled environment.

What is a Data Centre?

Date Centres usually consist of the following three key elements:

• Building Elements – Cooling System, Air Economisers, Fire Prevention & Suppression systems and Access Flooring
• I.T. Elements – Equipment Racks, Air Containment System, Cooling Monitoring, Cabling, PDUs and Environment Sensors
• Power Elements – UPS, Generators, Switchgear, Panel Boards, Meters, Breakers and Transformers.

All this requires a facility that’s very secure along with a large physical space to house the entire collection of infrastructure and equipment. Data Centres are arguably the most important asset for any company, with this mind isn’t it essential that data centres are designed, run and maintained in the safest way possible and why room integrity testing should be used as part of every companies ongoing maintenance plan.

Due to the potential issues associated with fire damage, it is essential that your main asset can contain the gas suppressant for as long as possible to prevent the fire reigniting. To enable this it is important to ensure that good room integrity is established at the end of the enclosures construction and maintained throughout the life cycle of the enclosure.

The other 3 man questions we often get asked when it comes to testing Server Rooms and Data Centres are:

1. Does my Server Room need an Integrity Test?

Yes, you should have a room integrity test if you have any gaseous fire suppression system installed as per BS ISO 14520-1 and BS EN 15004-1, if you are unsure if your system falls under this category, please Contact Us to discuss further

2. How often do I require a Room Integrity test on my Server Room?

British Standards recommend that a Room Integrity Test is carried out at least annually and/or if the room has changed due general building work as small holes may be created or room sizes changed, due to new cable trays, pipework, vents etc.

3. How long does the Server Room Integrity Test take?

A Room Integrity Test will take around 1-2 Hours if the room is well sealed. The room will be blocked throughout the duration of the Integrity test. It will not affect any equipment within the room. After the Integrity Test you can use the room as normal.

It is with noting that the annual integrity inspection and testing are also required by the BFPSA and are routine practice at most major commercial institutions such as banks and data storage companies. The benefits of ensuring good room integrity are recognised by insurers and regulatory authorities, who frequently insist on such testing.

We undertake Room Integrity Testing on all types of protected enclosures such as small server rooms right up to the largest data centres. Our Engineers have undertaken hundreds of room integrity tests throughout the UK and using our combined experience within the Fire Suppression Industry and are able to provide help and advice on your Room Integrity Test requirements.

It is our ongoing aim to provide clients a ‘one stop’ Room Integrity Testing service to cater for their most exacting requirements. We only use high quality equipment that is UKAS calibrated – a basic requirement of a UKAS accredited testing laboratory.  We are also certified to Level 2 for Room Integrity Testing.

For further information on our room integrity testing services, please download our Room Integrity Test Checklist to help you prepare fr the testing. If you have any further questions please contact our technical manager Darren on 07775623464 or email us at info@aptsoundtesting.co.uk

What is Room Integrity Testing and do I need one?
Room integrity testing is required wherever a gaseous fire suppression system is installed to a room within a building. A gaseous fire suppression system is a highly effective and proven way of protecting your building against a fire, however it is not effective if your protected enclosure is not airtight, otherwise the agent may escape too quickly. The system works by releasing a gas agent into an enclosure which reduces the oxygen levels to suppress or put out the fire. 

To ensure the whole system works effectively, a Room Integrity Test should be completed at the point of install and not more than 12 months thereafter. A Room integrity Test works by creating pressure within the room or enclosure where the Fire Suppression System has been installed. The Test then measures the integrity of the room to ensure the gas does not dissipate to quickly before being able to extinguish the fire. For the Fire Suppression System to work effectively the enclosure needs to hold the gas and protect the equipment for a set period – usually 10 minutes. Here is some more information for Room Integrity Testing.

The most common protected rooms are Server Rooms and Data Centres, and the most Common Fire Suppression Systems are FM200, Inergen, IG55, NOVEC 1230. If you are unsure if you have one of the above systems, please Contact Us for further info. 

Does my Room need an Integrity Test?

Yes, you should have a room integrity test if you have any gaseous fire suppression system installed as per BS ISO 14520-1 and BS EN 15004-1, if you are unsure if your system falls under this category, please Contact Us to discuss further

How often do I require a Room Integrity test?

British Standards recommend that a Room Integrity Test is carried out at least annually and/or if the room has changed due general building work as small holes may be created or room sizes changed, due to new cable trays, pipework, vents etc.

How long does the Room Integrity Test take?

A Room Integrity Test will take around 1-2 Hours if the room is well sealed. The room will be blocked throughout the duration of the Integrity test. It will not affect any equipment within the room. After the Integrity Test you can use the room as normal.

What if the Room Fails the Integrity Test?

Unsurprisingly, many rooms fail an Integrity Test, due to construction works being undertaken to the room envelope, this is usually due to running new services through walls, floors or ceilings. If the room does fail don’t panic as we can undertake a smoke survey and produce a full report detailing the air leakage paths and we can even provide a bespoke room sealing service, should it be required. Once the leakage is identified this will be sealed using specialist sealing products with the associated certification.

How quick can I get my results?

The Room Integrity Test results can be sent to our clients Electronically within 24 hours, whether the rooms have passed or failed. If the room fails, a cost will then be sent over for any associated sealing works and a further Room Integrity Test.

How many Room integrity Tests do I need?

As a Gaseous suppression system can cover multiple rooms You would require a test for each of these rooms. In many cases a building will have a server room and an associated UPS (Battery) Room which are both protected, in this instance 2 tests would be required.

Why use APT for your Room Integrity Test

APT was formed to meet the increasing demands of Building Regulations. We are a multi UKAS accredited company so you can be sure our reportage is of the highest quality. We undertake Room Integrity Testing on all types of protected enclosures from huge power station turbine enclosures, through to server rooms and data centres. We are now one of the leading Room Integrity Companies in the UK.

Our Engineers have over 40 years combined experience within the Fire Suppression Industry and are able to provide help and advice on your Room Integrity Test needs. We can also help if you have previously failed your integrity test, we can visit site and undertake localised smoke testing with air leakage reports. We can even undertake the fire sealing works if so required.

It is our ongoing aim to provide clients a ‘one stop’ Room Integrity Testing service to cater for their most exacting requirements. We only use high quality equipment that is UKAS calibrated – a basic requirement of a UKAS accredited testing laboratory. 

If you have a protected enclosure that requires a room integrity test, please contact us at: info@airpressuretesting.net or call Darren direct on 07775623464. We undertake testing throughout London and the South East.

Acoustic design and sound testing on conversions projects don’t need to be problematic. If you are currently managing the process of an office or house convert houses into flats or ‘Rooms for Residential Use’, then you need to pay attention to the acoustic design from the design stage of the project.

Air Pressure Testing  have many years of experience in providing quality sound insulation testing and acoustic design services  designed to help you meet these essential legal requirements of Building Regulations Part E. We are a UKAS accredited company, so you can be sure that our services are undertake to the highest laboratory standards.

The types of projects that need to comply with this piece of legislation are:

1. House to flat conversions
2. Commercial building to flat conversions.
3. Hotels and hostels
4. Boarding houses
5. Halls of residence
6. Residential homes

Our six stage process is designed to get the very best results and help you comply with Approved Document E:

1. Stage 1 – We review the architect’s drawings to check the required acoustic principles have been followed and make comment as and when necessary.
2. Stage 2 – We undertake a site visit and analyse the current state of building construction.  And to check there are no site specific construction problems that may affect the acoustic performance of the building.  This helps us to get a more accurate overview of which acoustic treatments will be necessary.
3. Stage 3 – We’ll provide you with a full and detailed acoustic design report that outlines which acoustic treatments will be required to ensure the conversion meets the criteria for Document E.  We’ll work out the cheapest and most efficient way of converting the building as well as taking into account buildability issues.
4. Stage 4 – We will provide ongoing support to assist the builder/consultant to ensuring that the level of detail required is met and deal with any ongoing issues that may arise.
5. Stage 5 – We can try to save you further money by providing building materials at a reduced rate.
6. Stage 6 – We undertake the final pre-completion sound testing to achieve compliance with Approved Document E.

We’ve successfully guided our clients through hundreds of different conversion projects and can boast a 100 per cent success rate where we have been involved in the acoustic design.

There are two distinct types of noise to when undertaking acoustic design on conversions, they are:

• Airborne Noise (for example speech and music) and
• Impact Noise (for example footsteps directly on the floor above) and

Even if both types of sound are emitting through the ceiling/floor then there are acoustic solutions that should reduce the sound levels and improve your sound insulation test results.

Part E stipulates that 10% of each party wall/floor construction type to be tested. The Sound insulation testing is to be carried out between pairs of rooms separated by party walls and/or floors. In is usual to test between living rooms and bedrooms as these are classed as the two main ‘habitable’ rooms; however if this isn’t possible other rooms can be used such as study’s, kitchens and dining rooms.

Unfortunately, we are currently experiencing a rise in the amount of sound testing failures – where we have not been involved in the acoustic design) mainly due to the conversion of office blocks into residential developments. Some of the buildings have unusual construction elements such as honeycomb floors which can be very weak acoustically, due to their lack of mass, taking this into account it is extremely important that we are involved from the start of the project.

If a building fails its sound insulation test it’s usually down to a problem with the acoustic due to issues such as noise flanking etc. One common cause of noise flanking is often associated with the inclusion of lightweight blocks within the construction of the building envelope. Clients often call us in when their building has failed the sound testing. Many other sound testing companies simply offer sound testing but no acoustic design services, we offer a comprehensive acoustic design and sound test package – as detailed in our 6 stage design service.

We undertake UKAS accredited Part E sound testing in London and throughout the rest of the UK. We use the latest class 1 acoustic equipment and we are a UKAS accredited company, so our clients can be sure that all testing is completed to a strict ISO quality controlled standard. We undertake sound testing throughout London and the UK.

If you would like advice on your acoustic design or sound testing in London, please contact us now at info@aptsoundtesting.co.uk or call us on 07775623464.

Electrical Thermal Imaging Survey?
An Electrical thermal imaging survey is a non-evasive and non-destructive procedure using infrared technology.

Thermographic inspections are the only technique of work that is able to identify any electrical issues like the ones above, in a quick non-disruptive manor or to more precise safety standards. Not only is the thermal imaging fast and safe, it is also a great way to minimise costs as it allows defects to be detected before the equipment fails meaning you don’t need to pay out as much to get it fixed.

As infrared electrical inspections can spot faults before they occur, they can help to extend the life cycle of electrical equipment and identify energy savings for your industry. To try and help clients understand the what involved in a thermal imaging survey, please see our article: A Technical Explanation of Thermal Imaging Surveys.

What’s Involved in an Electrical Thermal Imaging Survey?

Thermal imaging is commonly used for inspections of electrical systems and components in all shapes and sizes. The use of thermography in any electrical installation can help identify faults before they occur, thereby preventing breakdowns, the need for replacement and even fires within the systems and buildings.

An electrical thermal imaging survey using a thermal imaging camera can be used on different types of equipment including:

• Busbar systems
• Distribution boards and fuse boards
• High voltage systems
• Transformers
• Control panels
• Batteries
• UPS systems
• Switchgears and switchboards

Using infrared technology on electrical infrastructure is a renowned method of predictive maintenance and done correctly it can be effective at fault finding prior to equipment failure but it needs to be carried out correctly. Our strict protocols ensure that the faults we document are indeed items that require investigation and possibly remedial work and not simply loaded circuits manifesting temperature.

Thermal imaging can help identify many potential failures such as:

• Poor Connections – Thermal imaging can detect the problems of a poor electrical connection early, the same goes for instances where the electrical cabinets may be overloaded.
• Electrical Leakage – Thermal imaging Surveys are able to find any evidence of a leak happening, in time for you to undertake remedial to preventing possible harm to you and damage to your building/s.
• Insulator Defects – Using thermography you can be protected from the dangerous parts of electricity, ensuring insulators are working properly.
• Internal Fuse Damage – Helps to prevent the risk of a fuse blowing, from an extensive current flowing through it.
• Oxidation of High Voltage Switches – thermography helps highlight potential resistance between connectors, enabling you to finding the problem before it occurs

Our Electrical Inspections involve:

• All panels removed where acceptable, safe to do so and on the Permit to Work
• All electrical equipment/panels/cubicles etc inspected have their own individual trend page which includes a thermogram and digital image, ambient, measured and delta T trending of temperature
• Trending compares data automatically between inspections. Last four thermograms are included on each page and all trend data is captured and displayed in a table and also in graphical format for Measured, Ambient and Delta T (meas/Amb) to allow for condition monitoring of equipment.

Detailed thermal imaging Fault Reports

Our detailed thrmal imaging reports contain fault pages that include a load correction formula is utilised during the inspection. Using component rating, actual load, measured temp and ambient temp, the following values are produced:

• Load corr temp: estimate of component temp if operating at 100% load
• Fault severity based on load corr temp – ref temp (from BS7671)
• Estimation of maximum amps to apply whilst keeping temperature beneath reference temp (BS7671)
• Instant report generation which can be emailed to the client at the end of the inspection

Why use a Level 3 Thermography Engineer on your electrical survey

The importance of using one of our Level 3 trained thermographers cannot be understated as they are trained to be write predictive maintenance and inspection practices and to develop test procedures and ascertain severity criteria. To try and help clients prepare for the thermal imaging survey to their building, we have written the following article: How we carry our thermal Surveys on commercial buildings.

To try and help facility managers with their electrical and mechanical surveys, we have also written the following article: thermal imaging inspections for facilities management. Also, throughout the UK BREEAM projects are becoming more common place. BREEAM provides extra points to projects that have a BREEAM Thermal survey undertaken, as not many clients are aware of this, we have included more information in our article ‘What is a BREEAM thermal Imaging Survey’. Also to try and help clients prepare for their survey please download our Thermal Imaging Checklist.

We use the latest high resolution thermal imaging cameras to undertake our Thermographic Surveys throughout London and the Southeast.  Thermal imaging is one the quickest and easiest ways to undertake fault diagnosis on your buildings,  as thermography can quickly and accurately identify  building faults and a easy to follow report, so the defects can be quickly indented and rectified by the contractors.

We pride ourselves on offering a proactive service from start to finish. We have extensive experience of assessing thermal performance on many electrical systems on all types of buildings from commercial launderettes, right through to large power stations. 

If you would like more information in regards to Thermography Surveys in London, please contact us now at: info@aptthermography.net or call us direct at: 07775 623464

The Importance of Airtightness Testing.
Approved document L suggests that air permeability is the physical property used to measure the airtightness of the building fabric.  The test measurement is defined as air leakage rate per hour per square metre of envelope (m³/hr/m²) area at a test reference pressure differential across the building envelope of 50 Pascal (50 N/m2). The design air permeability is the target value set at the design stage and is tied in to the design stage SAP assessment – in many cases the air leakage figure set of the air tightness test is 5m³/hr/m².

Wherever air infiltration occurs, there is a corresponding exfiltration somewhere else in the building. During the summer, infiltration can bring humid, outdoor air into buildings. In winter, exfiltration can result in moist indoor air moving into cold wall cavities and may result in condensation and ultimately mould and/or rot which could result in serious damage to the property.

The ATTMA – Air Tightness Testing and Measurement Association governing body for air tightness testing and  the defines ‘air leakage’ as the uncontrolled flow of air through gaps and cracks in the fabric of a building. The general public recognise it as draughts. In most cases the main air leakage paths are:

Services Penetrations

• Service penetration’s around boilers pipes.
• Service penetration’s around under floor heating.
• Service penetrations in the kitchen and utility room.
• Service penetrations in the toilets, bathroom and en-suite.
• Pipework penetrations behind the radiators.
• Service penetrations in the bathrooms and en-suite.
• Around electrical fuse box.
• Around extract fans.

General Air Leakage Paths

• Gaps between skirting board and floor on each floor level.
• Behind kitchen units.
• Behind Utility Cupboards
• Around poorly fitted trickle vents.
• Around Patio doors.
• Gaps around the stairs.
• Around loft hatch.
• Gaps around the bath panel and the shower tray.

Importance of Airtightness Testing.
Also, to incorrect sequencing of work the air sealing may not be undertaken properly. One such example is the late addition of mechanical and electrical pipework & cables that should have been installed earlier in the project; however, due to insufficient information i.e. missing details on drawings, the M&E is often added at a later stage, thus requiring additional penetrations through the newly completed building fabric. Unfortunately once newly formed penetrations are in the envelope, nobody wants to take ownership for the new penetrations and the resealing of the areas, so the air leakage paths are left to the end of the project. 

In many instances, operatives are rushed to install new installations resulting in much larger access holes than is strictly necessary for the service pipework/cables, this often happens in kitchens, utility rooms, bathrooms, toilets, and service cupboards. In these rooms, service penetrations are often hidden behind Kitchen cupboards, behind toilets, sinks, bath panels, and under the shower. Other areas are around services in airing and boiler cupboards. Once cupboards and boilers etc. are installed, it makes it almost impossible to seal the air leakage paths especially if it’s close to the air seal line. Unfortunately, if service penetrations are not properly sealed it often results in air tightness testing failure.

In many cases a lack of understanding by building contractors can lead to multiple ongoing air test failures.  One common problem is the client putting cosmetic appearance above general airtightness; however, with careful air sealing both can be achieved.  Unfortunately, with the airtightness target being halved from the old standard of 10m3/hr/m2 to 5m3/hr/m2 it is essential that the all air leakage paths are sealed prior to the air tightness test.

In our experience, another reason for airtightness testing failures is down to a general lack of understanding where the air seal line within the building.  Some of the issues that may need to be addressed to overcome this would include adequate training, quality control, and building design.

If you employ our services from the start of the project, we will send out our air tightness checklist to help you prepare for the air testing. If each item is actioned in-line with the checklist then our clients usually pass first time. We can also visit site a few weeks prior to the air test date to undertake a site inspection, we can then highlight any potential air leakage paths so they can be sealed prior to the air tightness test.

If you would like more information in regards to preparing for your air tightness test in London, please contact us at: info@airpressuretesting.net or phone us on  01525 303905

The 5 Simple Steps for a Planning Noise Assessment

1^st Step – Baseline situation

It will usually be necessary to have a full understanding of the existing noise levels in the vicinity of the receptor. This can be achieved by carrying out a planning noise survey of background or ambient noise levels over the period when the noise source will be operational.

The baseline noise levels will usually be determined by measuring the LA90 or the LAeq, however in practice both will usually be measured simultaneously.

The term ‘LA90’ is the ‘A’ weighted noise level exceeded for 90% of the measurement period. Typically this is called the background noise level if it relates to a period when the noise source is not operational.

The ‘A’ weighting is a correction applied within a sound level meter to adjust the response of the Class A noise meter to match the response of human hearing at different frequencies. This is used to exclude short-term noises, such as a vehicle passing from the measurement value, leaving only the underlying or background noise.

The terms ‘LAeq’ is as an average noise level over the measurement period, although it relates to the average noise energy. It is a popular and universally used measure which correlates well with human annoyance.

Step 2 – Noise sources and times of operation

A detailed knowledge of the noise source (or in the case of a proposed development, the likely noise source) is also essential. This is because noise levels are of less importance than the amount by which they exceed the baseline noise and the times or days of operation.

Step 3 – Manufacturer Data for Proposed Equipment

If the proposed development will create a source of noise, the noise consultant may need the manufacturer’s data for proposed equipment, times of operation and working practices.

Step 4 – Determining the impact

Noise impact is determined using a variety of methods, all of which will rely on comparing noise levels at a receptor against absolute noise level criteria or against existing baseline noise levels. Generally one of three approaches is used:

1. Where the proposal is for a development which will introduce an industrial type noise source, or where a receptor in a new development may be affected by this type of source, it is usual to assess impact by comparing the noise level, after making corrections for certain attributes of the noise, against background noise levels at the receptor (existing or proposed). The council expects that, at the receptor, noise from the source is a certain amount below existing background levels. Typical cases include new equipment in a business, an air conditioning unit or an extract and fan serving a restaurant. This is known as the BS4142 methodology.
2. In some cases the impact does not depend on a comparison between source levels and baseline levels. For example, a proposed housing development is close to an existing road, where generally the impact is determined by establishing whether the absolute levels due to the source are acceptable.
3. Applications for certain developments may require a more specialist approach. For example, the method for assessing a new nightclub combines both elements. Existing levels of noise in low frequency bands are measured and compared against levels in those same frequencies with music playing. The council may then require that the music does not cause any increase above existing levels.

Step 5 – Noise mitigation measures

Development proposals which are inherently noisy may include mitigation measures in the original scheme. However, the need for further mitigation may be necessary when the impact assessment indicates that the acceptability criteria are exceeded. Either way noise mitigation, or reduction measures, should be considered in the assessment in demonstrating how the acceptability criteria will be achieved.

The most effective measures will be those which reduce levels at source, rather than in transmission or at the receptor. However, in situations such as where the proposal is for new housing near existing sources of noise, it will not be possible to reduce source noise levels. Where the proposal will introduce a new noise source it is good practice to reduce levels at source as far as possible, before considering other mitigation measures, some of these may be:

1. Reduction of noise at source – Using equipment or systems with lower sound power levels is highly effective and can avoid the need for other more costly and intrusive mitigation options. Noise impact can be lessened by reducing total running times or by shifting operations to less sensitive times of the day. The use of acoustic silencers and enclosures around the source may also be effective at reducing the need for other mitigation methods.

• Reduction of noise in transmission – The simplest way to reduce noise once emitted is by increasing the distance to receptors. For example, siting of plant and equipment within an industrial site as far away from sensitive receptors as possible and/or the new housing development may be designed so that properties are set back from a noise source. In many cases, a properly calculated buffer zone between source and receptor will represent the most cost effective solution.
• Reduction of noise at a receptor –  if the development is located in a busy urban area, this may be the only option to reduce the noise impact, also where the applicant has no access to land for the construction of a barrier. The way a development is designed can be an effective mitigation tool if the building faces away from the main noise source. Also, if noise sensitive rooms are located on the sheltered side of the building, the impact will be reduced at the most sensitive areas.
• Acoustic Improvements to the building façade – Where no other options are available, improving the sound insulation of a building facade can be effective in reducing internal noise levels. However, often it will be necessary to provide acoustic treated mechanical ventilation to avoid the need to open windows in warm or humid weather, this is often the solution next to busy elevated railway lines.

If you would like more information in regards to our noise surveys for planning and acoustic design for your development, please visit the APT Sound Testing website or call us today on: 07775 623464.